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Great fragmentation. Who wins and who loses when the myth of luxury crumbles (analysis for the third quarter of 2025).

The third quarter of 2025 marks the end of an era of illusion. The myth that ‘all luxury is recession-proof’ has finally been debunked. The boom fuelled by ‘revenge spending’ has faded, and global economic uncertainty has revealed a fundamental truth: there is no longer a single ‘luxury market’.

The market has become deeply fragmented. The Q3 figures are stark: while LVMH, the industry barometer, has recorded its first decline (-2%) and Kering's crisis has deepened (-5%), other players are thriving. Hermès maintains its position as an unassailable stronghold. The Prada Group (+8%) proves the power of cultural ‘heat’. And Ferragamo (+17%) is becoming a symbol of the ‘third way’ – spectacular success based on creative transformation.

It is no longer the expensive ones that win, but those that have absolute clarity: rarity, cultural resonance or vision.


1. The End of the Tide That Lifted All Boats

Reality has hit the balance sheets. The two largest conglomerates, which have defined growth for years, are now signalling a change in the wind.

  • Signal of Normalisation (LVMH): According to Vogue Business, LVMH reported a 2% decline in sales in its key fashion and leather goods division. This is not a crisis, but normalisation. The giant, which had been growing at a gravity-defying pace, has collided with a high comparative base and, crucially, a disappearing aspirational customer. The era of ‘luxury tourism’, where the middle class bought ‘entry-level’ products, has come to an end.
  • Signs of crisis (Kering): Kering reports a significantly worse situation, with a 5% drop in sales. This exacerbates an ongoing problem, mainly at Gucci. In uncertain times, consumers have neither the patience nor the budget for brands undergoing painful transformation and lacking a clear vision.

2. The Three-Speed Market

While the ‘middle’ of the market is losing ground, Q3 2025 clearly showed three business models that not only survived but triumphed.

  • Zwycięzca nr 1: Forteca (Ultra-Luksus)
    • Gracz: Hermès
    • Dlaczego? (Na podstawie analiz rynkowych z Puck i VB). Hermès nie odczuwa spowolnienia, ponieważ jego model biznesowy jest z definicji odporny na recesję. Marka nie polega na kliencie aspiracyjnym; jej listy oczekujących wypełnia 1% najbogatszych. W niepewnych czasach, gdy klient aspiracyjny rezygnuje z torebki Diora, klient ultra-premium postrzega Birkin jako inwestycję – bezpieczną przystań dla kapitału.
  • Zwycięzca nr 2: Kulturalne Gorąco (Zeitgeist)
    • Gracz: Prada Group (wzrost o 8%)
    • Dlaczego? Jak donosi Vogue Business, siłą napędową grupy jest Miu Miu. Marka Miucci Prady idealnie uchwyciła zeitgeist. Nie sprzedaje produktu, sprzedaje przynależność kulturową. Jej estetyka stała się tak silnym trendem („heat”), że dla pokolenia Z stała się koniecznością, a nie wyborem. To zakup emocjonalny, który wygrywa z kalkulacją ekonomiczną.
  • Zwycięzca nr 3: Przejrzystość Wizji (Transformacja)
    • Gracz: Ferragamo (wzrost o 17%)
    • Dlaczego? To najbardziej fascynująca historia tego kwartału. Ferragamo, marka przez lata uważana za „śpiącą”, zanotowała spektakularny, 17-procentowy wzrost. Źródła Vogue Business wskazują jasno: to bezpośredni efekt transformacji pod wodzą Maximiliana Davisa. Jego nowa, klarowna, sensualna i ostra wizja dała klientom powód, by kupować tu i teraz. To dowód, że nawet w trudnym rynku, kreatywna klarowność and autentyczność nowej wizji są w stanie wygenerować wzrost, deklasując zmęczonych gigantów.

3. What Lies Ahead?

Q3 2025 is a sobering moment. The era of ‘easy luxury’ is over.

  1. The End of Monolith: We must stop talking about the ‘luxury market’. Aspirational luxury (such as LVMH) will struggle. Luxury in transition (Kering) will decline. Ultra-luxury (Hermès), cultural luxury (Miu Miu) and luxury with a clear vision (Ferragamo) will grow.
  2. Clarity over Logo: Logos are no longer enough. Customers (even wealthy ones) are becoming more discerning. To justify the expense, a brand must offer one of three things: rarity (Hermès), resonance (Miu Miu) or a clear, new vision (Ferragamo).
  3. The Authenticity Test: Companies that relied on inflating prices and tourists have entered an era of stagnation. The future belongs to those who offer true essence – whether in the form of timeless craftsmanship or perfectly capturing the spirit of the times.

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